Effect size
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What does it mean?
An effect size quantifies a difference or relationship. It may use original units, such as a mean difference, or a standardized measure such as Cohen’s d. It does not establish causation by itself.
Think through an example.
An everyday example
Two groups have mean task times of 12 and 10 minutes. The second group is 2 minutes faster. This raw difference is an effect-size measure.
Test your understanding.
True or false?
A smaller p-value necessarily means a larger effect.
Make the next connection
Explore related concepts to deepen your understanding.
Sources and further reading
Explore the foundations and methodological details in these resources. Examples on this page were created for illustration.
- Penn State Source in EnglishHypothesis Testing, Part 2