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Learning paths / Interpret statistics carefully
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Interpret statistics carefully

Consider spread, test results and false alarms together.

8 concepts21 minutes

01

Mean and median

3 min · Two ways to describe a typical value.
02

Standard deviation

2 min · Summarize spread around the mean.
03

Standard error

3 min · How much an estimate varies across samples.
04

Outlier

2 min · An observation far from the overall pattern.
05

Confidence interval

4 min · Show uncertainty, not just a single number.
06

p-value

2 min · Assess incompatibility with a null hypothesis.
07

Type I error

2 min · Reject a null hypothesis that is actually true.
08

Type II error

3 min · Fail to reject a null hypothesis that is false.
At the end of the path

Review in three questions.

Review the concepts in this path with short questions. Read the explanation after each answer and revisit a concept if needed.

1 / 3 · Confidence interval

True or false?

A confidence interval covers every type of research error.

Revisit the concept ↗

2 / 3 · p-value

True or false?

p=0.03 says the null hypothesis has a 3% probability of being true.

Revisit the concept ↗

3 / 3 · Type I error

True or false?

Alpha=0.05 means every significant result has a 5% chance of being wrong.

Revisit the concept ↗
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